Means for operating presses



May 22, 1923.

F E. STEVENSON May 22, 1923. I 1,456,014

F. E; STEVENSON MEANS FOR OPERATING PRESSES Filed Nov 19. 1921 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 g Er k m -Euzenfiw' hands lasizuens w z y lisudmrne ,9

May 22, 1923. 1,456,014

F. E. STEVENSON MEANS FOR OPERATING PRESSES Filed Nov. 19, 1921 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Iftan E. Stevenson,

Wm M77333 May 22, 1923.

F. E. STEVENSON MEANS FOR OPERATING PRESSES 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Nov. 19 1921 IVI I Patented May 22, 1923;

' IT ED "STATES mumcrs QFFICE;

nismvmsqmer moum' GILEAD, CHIC, ASSIGNOB TO THE mzmmunc PRESS MANUFACTURING comment, or moum Gmmn, mg.-

' MEANS FOR OPERATING PRESSES. I

- Applicaflofi filed November To all whom itmay oonchz:

Be it known that I, F ANCI SIE.

SON, a-citizen'of theUnit'edSEateS, residingat Mount Gilead,,in. the;co1 mty of Morrow and State ofOh iQ-have in entedeert in new, and useful Improvements inMean's for Op-f erating P1 'esses,pf hi'chfthe' following is a specificaitiop I' This inventipp relates t9 'pres ses' f of the type in Qvfzhiel i .opef ppe$s memberg or platen 1s moved towardlfthe ether by u .P -a sure, and in w pp rted ib moved by 'asnian ram nfii jjectidf by tion ofg 'thig m1 ow th Mable-member is ar g" mm; j thit is? "nipially i-thegsam ma nen d d .tox r e 19,1921 Serial-K0. 516,508.

Figure is a vertical section through the 55 Valve casing on thef'line 5-5 of Figure 1;

. Figuresfi fto incli1sive are section and perspective views, each Similar to Figures 4' and 5; 'and sho'wing both sets ofiya lves if! their. positions a difierenflstages of vthe Operation; V Figure ,(ishows the pos iti qn offthe" ajrt's u n theifi t por ion 'Qf thi bp r ti r ,the flliid then p 'a, ssing jfiq m@'j-tl lef pum h b gh pipe 21., pa age 22 wi v a d "pip j qt m Iiflde dIfih i hhQW; a t hfoug'h pa'sisage 2, ftb'f'u'nder fs'idefpf vhllVelG,

' QP ned-i ..At the a m: v

@111 i reserYoi'rf thrqiggh ,l' -:P PQ T9J diatelytff low i hat.

f P mpith mghi P 1211; 1 3 11 5922,

th g p1p being here shown as stationary, and the lower member 2 as movable. Between these is the work A. There is also shown diagrammatically a porn 3 and a reservoir 4. These parts may be any desired construction.

The movable member of the press is carried by a compound ram comprlsing a large spective y, but the valves 13 and 15 are free to open upon pressure on their under sides. A pipe connects the pump with the reservoir and a pipe 21 connects pump ,with passage 22 which communicates with under side of the valves 12 and 13. A return pipe 23 leads from upper side of valve 12 back to reservoir. A pipe 24 leads from reservoir and communicates by means of branches 25 and 26 with the under side of valves 14 and 15 respectively. A passage 27 leads from above valve 13 to the under side of valve 16.

The pipe 9 leads, from the largecylinder 7 to the chamber in which are located the valves 15 and 16, while the pipe 10 leads from the small cylinder 8 to the chamber containin valves 13 and 14.

The va ves 14 'and 15 have depending stems 28 and 29 respectively, which overlie a lever 30 pivoted at 31 and manually operated through a connection 32. This lever is 1 wide enough to raise both stems when actuated but the stems are of different lengths so that they are operated in sequence. The stem 28- is longest and normally rests on lever 30 while the stem 29 isout of engagement therewith. It is desirable not to open valve 15 first because it is larger than valve 14 and cannot be lifted easily until the pressure is reduced.

A lever 33 pivoted at 34 is connected to valve 12 and may be manually operatedby a connection 35 whenever it is desired to open valve 12 for purposes hereinafter set forth.

The operation of the parts thus far described is as follows:

Assuming that the press is open and ready for an operation, and that all valves are closed as in Figures 4 and 5, the pump delivers the fluid through pipe 21 to passage 22. The safety valve 12 is heldclosed by I its spring 17, but the valve 13 is free to rise under the pressure of the fluid. This permits the fluld to flow around the stem of the valve'14 and out of the pipe 10 which delivers the fluid to the cylinder 8 to operate the small ram 6.

The first movement of the small ram 6 also moves the large ram 5 and tends to produce a vacuum in cylinder 7. This draws. in fiuid from the reservoir through pipes 24 and 26, valve 15 and pipe 9, since the suction in pipe 9 opens valve 15 which is free to move.

At the same time the fluid flows from above the valve 13 through passage 27 to under side-of valve 16, which, however, is held closed during the first part of the operation by its spring 19.

At this time the parts occupy the position shown in Figure 6, with the fluid moving as there indicated.

Since the chamber above valve 13 communicates by passage 27 with the chamber below valve 16, it is evident that the pressure tending to open valve 16 is the same as that applied to the'small ram 6. As increasing resistance is ofi'ered to the rising of the ram 6, the pressure ultimately reaches a point where the spring 19 is overcome an the valve 16 is opened. The pump dischar e is then applied directly to large ram, the uid passing frompump through pipe 21, passage 22, valve 13, passage 27, valve 16 and pipe 9 to chamber 7. soon as valve 16 opens, the pressure on top of valve 15 closes the same. The'fluid is supplied to small chamber 8 in the same manner as.

above described. At this time the parts occupy the position shown in-Figure 7, with the fluid moving as there indicated.

I When the proper pressure has been applied and the work performed, it is then necessary to relieve the pressure on the rams and permit the fluid to flow back to the res: ervoir. The operator, by means of connection 32 lifts the lever 30 enough to open the valve 14 through its stem 28. The fluid then flows back from small cylinder 8 and passes through pipe 10, valve 14, and pipes 25 and 24 to the reservoir. The fluld from the large cylinder 7 flows back through pipe 9 over valve 15, down throughvalve 16 whlch is still held open by the pressure in the system, through passage 27, over valve 13, through valve 14 and pipes 25 and 24 to the reservoir. The position of the parts at this time is shown in Figure 8 with the fluid moving as there indicated.

When the pressure is sufiiciently lowered, the operator raises the lever 30 farther, o ening valve 15 throu h its stem 29. l hen this valve is opene the fluid flows directly from large chamber 7 through pipe 9, valve 15 and pipes 26 and 24 to reservoir. The fluid is flowing from'the small chamber 8 to the reservoir through the path 'shownin Figure 8. At this time,.the position of the parts is shown in Figure 9, with the flui m ng s t re imit ted. r

If at any time in the upward movement of the rams 5 and 6, the o erator desires to stop thein without releasing the pressure already applied, he depressesthe connection 35, thereby operating the lever 33 to open the valve 12. This permits the pum discharge to flow through'pipe 21, va ve 12 and pipe 23 back to reservoir. Under these conditions the back pressure in the connections to the rams seats the valves 13 and 16 and retains the pressure already applied to the rams. this time is shown in Fi ure 10, with the fluid moving as there in icated.

If at any time it is desired to allowthe press to remain inactive with parts in normal position, this may be done without stopping the pump by latching the connection 35 in any desired manner to hold open the valve 12, thus permitting a. free circulation of fluid exerting pressure on the rams.

-It is obvious that the spring 17 which holds the valve 12 seated must be of considerably greater strength than the spring 19 which holds'the valve 16 seated,v since the valve 16 must be automatically opened by a rise in pressure, whilethe valve 12is not opened except manually under normal conditions. However, it is evident that under'any excessive would be automatica 1y opened producing the sameresult asrif opened manually. This valve thereforef 'serves as an automatic relief or safety'valvem Surrounding the large ram5 is an annular chamber 36' in which are located U-shape leather packings'37 normally retained in position by a perforated rin 38. Branch ing from the pipe 10 which leads to the small chamber 8, is a pipe 39 through which I duced in chamber 7 which draws in duces an air tight joint.

fluid is conducted to the chamber 36. v v As the rams and 6 rise, a vacuum is rod from the reservoir as above set forth. Any leakage of air around v the ram 5 to chamber 7 would cause imperfect operation. But as soon as fluid is admitted through pipe to small chamber 8, it is at the same time admitted to chamber 36 through pi 39. This expands the leather packin'gs an pro- When the pressure is relieved from the ramsto them to return to idle position,' 'it 1s, also relieved from the packing, thereby reducing the friction that would be .pres ent th ordinary type of packing.

It is obvious that the invention herein disclosed may beapplied to machinesof vari ous types, and the illustration of" the press,-- -r pump and merely illustrative and not as limiting the application of the invention.

l l- ".lhe comb nat g -oi iehfi" reservoir is to be'regarded as I, claim as my invention branchin The position of the parts at between pump and reservoir without pressure, the valve 12- permit anaemia-Mine of commun ca onfr m.

rams working in small and large cylinders communication from the pump t rough the valve casing to the small cylinder, a valve ,in said line freely opened by pressure, a line of communication to the large cylinder from said first line, a springclosed va ve therein which opens only after .a predetermined pressure has been reached in the first-line, and a line of communication branching from said second-named line between the spring-pressed valve and the large cylinder and leading to the reservoir," a valve therein freel opened by suction from the large cylin er but automatically closed as soon as the spring-pressed valve is" opened.

2. The combination of small and large ramsworking in small and large cylinders respectively, and a fluid-circulating system for applying'pressure thereto comprising a pump, a reservoir, a valve casing, a line of communication from the pump through the valve casing to the small cylinder, a valve in said line freely opened by pressure, a line of communication to the large cylinder branching from said first line, a springclosed valve therein which opens only after I a predetermined pressure has been reached in the first line, a line of communication between the reservoir and pump passin through the valve casing, a spring-clos relief valve therein, and manually-operated pump, a reservoir, a valve casin a line, of

communication from the pump t rough the valve .casing to the small cylinder, a valve in said line freely opened by ressure, a llne of communication to the arge cylinder branching from said first line, a springclosed valve therein which opens only after a predetermined pressure has been reached in the first line, a line of communication between the reservoir and pump passing through the valve casing, a sprlng-closed relief valve therein, and manual y-operated V means for opening said valve to stop opera- I tion of the press at any time, said va ve automatically' opening upon the developement of excessive pressure in the circulating system.

4. The combination of small and large ramsworking in small and large cylinders I jspectively, and a fluid-circulatlng system for', a.pplying pressure thereto comprising a; pump, a reservoir, ,a valve caslng, a line of communication from the small cyllnder throughsaiduvalve casing tothe reservoir,a

the large cylinder through the valve casing to the reservoir, a spring-pressed valve therein, and manually-operated means for opening said valves to permit the fluid to pass to the reservoir from the cylinders.

5. The combination of small and large rams working in small and large cylinders respectively, and a fluid-circulating system for applying pressure thereto comprising a pump, a reservoirm valve casing, a line of communication from the small cylinder through said valve casing to the reservoir, a valve therein, a line .of communication from the large cylinder through the valve casing to the reservoir, a spring-pressed valve therein, and manually-operated means for opening said valves in sequence to permit the fluid to pass to the reservoir from the cylinders.

6. The combination of a casing, a ram reciprocating therein, means for supplying pressure thereto, an annular chamber in said casing surrounding said ram, expansive packing in said chamber, and separate means for supplying pressure to said packing to expand the same.

7 The combination of a casing, a ram reclprocating therein, an annular chamber in said casing surroundingsaid ram, expansive packing 1n said chamber, means for supplying fluid under pressure to operate said ram,

. and branch means for simultaneously ,sup-' plylng fluid under pressure to said packing to expand the same.

8. The combination of a casing,a ram reciprocating therein, means for supplying pressure thereto, an annular chamber :sur-

rounding said ram, an annular U-shaped expansive packing member in said annular chamber, and separate means for supplying fluid under pressure to said packing to ex.- pand the same.

9. The combination of a casing, a ram reciprocating therein, an annular chamber in said casing surrounding said ram, an annular U-shaped expansive packing member in said annular chamber, means for supplying fluid under pressure to operate said ram, and branch means for simultaneously supplying fluid under pressure to said packing to expand the same.

10. The combination of a casing, a ram reciprocating therein, an annular chamber in said casing surrounding said ram, opposed U-shaped expansive packing members in said annular. chamber, and means for supplying fluid under pressure to said packing members to expand the same.

1 1. The combination of a casing, a ram re ciprocating therein; an annular chamber in said casing surroundin said ram, opposed U-shaped expansive packing members in said annular chamber, a ring member normally holding said members in position, and means for supplying fluid under pressure to said packing "to expand the same.

112. The combination of a casing, a ram reciprocating therein, an annular chamber in said casing surrounding said ram, opposed U-shaped expansive packing members in said annular chamber, a perforated ring member normally holding said packing members in position, means for supplying Jfluid under pressure to operate lsaid ram, and branch means for simultaneously supplying fluid under pressure 170 'said packing to expand the same.

13. The combination of a casing, small and large rams reciprocating therein, an annular chamber in the casing surrounding the large ram, expansive packing in said chamber, means for applying pressure to the small ram, means for supplying pressure to the expansive packin at the same time and before pressure is app ied to the large ram.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my nam e FRANCIS E STEVENSON. 

